"ruŋ" meaning in All languages combined

See ruŋ on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Mon-Khmer]

Etymology: * Proto-Mon-Khmer: *ruŋ ~ *ruuŋ ~ *ruəŋ (Shorto, 2006) Head templates: {{head|mkh-pro|noun}} *ruŋ
  1. river, channel Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-ruŋ-mkh-pro-noun-9l5BzdBW
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb [Proto-Mon-Khmer]

Etymology: * Proto-Mon-Khmer: *ruŋ ~ *ruuŋ ~ *ruəŋ (Shorto, 2006) Head templates: {{head|mkh-pro|verb}} *ruŋ
  1. to fall, to drop off Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-ruŋ-mkh-pro-verb-wCrI2hgt Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Mon-Khmer entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 17 83 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 90 Disambiguation of Proto-Mon-Khmer entries with incorrect language header: 7 93
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sit-pro",
            "2": "*kl(j)u(ŋ/k)",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "river, valley"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river, valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river, valley”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "江",
            "2": "river"
          },
          "expansion": "江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”)",
          "name": "och-l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "谷",
            "2": "valley"
          },
          "expansion": "谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ, “valley”)",
          "name": "och-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Chinese: 江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”) and possibly 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ, “valley”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "港",
            "2": "harbour"
          },
          "expansion": "港 (OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs, “harbour”)",
          "name": "och-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "derivate: 港 (OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs, “harbour”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Vietnamese",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Vietnamese",
            "2": "giang (“river”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Vietnamese: giang (“river”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Vietnamese: giang (“river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bo",
            "2": "ལྗོངས",
            "t": "valley"
          },
          "expansion": "Tibetan: ལྗོངས (ljongs, “valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Written Tibetan: ལྗོངས (ljongs, “valley”), ཀླུང་མ (klung ma, “river, stream”), ལུང་པ (lung pa, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "my",
            "2": "ချောင်း",
            "t": "stream, brook, creek"
          },
          "expansion": "Burmese: ချောင်း (hkyaung:, “stream, brook, creek”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Burmese: ချောင်း (hkyaung:, “stream, brook, creek”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tvn",
            "2": "ခ္လောင်း",
            "t": "stream, brook, crekk"
          },
          "expansion": "Tavoyan: ခ္လောင်း (“stream, brook, crekk”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tavoyan: ခ္လောင်း (“stream, brook, crekk”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-ban-pro",
            "2": "*krɔɔŋ",
            "alt": "*k-rɔɔŋ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Bahnaric: *k-rɔɔŋ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Bahnaric: *k-rɔɔŋ (\"river\") (Sidwell, 2011)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Bahnaric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hal",
            "2": "kroang",
            "t": "river",
            "tr": "/krɔaŋ/"
          },
          "expansion": "Halang: kroang (/krɔaŋ/, “river”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Halang: kroang (/krɔaŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Central Bahnaric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bdq",
            "2": "klŏng",
            "t": "deep water in river or sea",
            "tr": "/klɔŋ/"
          },
          "expansion": "Bahnar: klŏng (/klɔŋ/, “deep water in river or sea”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bahnar: klŏng (/klɔŋ/, “deep water in river or sea”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Bahnaric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sre-Mnong"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sre: klong (/kloŋ/, “water-hole”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Mnong: krông (/kroːŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-kat-pro",
            "2": "*rɔɔŋ",
            "t": "river, stream"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Katuic: *rɔɔŋ (“river, stream”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Katuic: *rɔɔŋ (“river, stream”) (Sidwell, 2005)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ktv",
            "2": "k'ruung"
          },
          "expansion": "Eastern Katu: k'ruung",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Eastern Katu: k'ruung"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pac",
            "2": "cruông",
            "t": "river valley",
            "tr": "/kruəŋ/"
          },
          "expansion": "Pacoh: cruông (/kruəŋ/, “river valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pacoh: cruông (/kruəŋ/, “river valley”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Khmeric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "okz",
            "2": "*gloṅ",
            "3": "*ghloṅ",
            "gloss2": "passage, way; waterway"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Khmer: *gloṅ, *ghloṅ (“passage, way; waterway”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Khmer: *gloṅ, *ghloṅ (“passage, way; waterway”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Thai",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Thai",
            "2": "คลอง (klɔɔng, “passage”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Thai: คลอง (klɔɔng, “passage”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Thai: คลอง (klɔɔng, “passage”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Monic: *krooŋ (\"river, stream, creek\") (Diffloth, 1984)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mnw",
            "2": "ကြုၚ်",
            "t": "river",
            "tr": "krɜŋ"
          },
          "expansion": "Mon: ကြုၚ် (krɜŋ, “river”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mon: ကြုၚ် (krɜŋ, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-pal-pro",
            "2": "*rɔŋ",
            "t": "river valley"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Palaungic: *rɔŋ (“river valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Palaungic: *rɔŋ (“river valley”) (Sidwell, 2010)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Waic: *klɔŋ (Diffloth, 1980)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Wa: klawng (/klɔŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pearic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Chong: /kʰrɑːŋ/"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
            "2": "*kroːŋ",
            "alt": "*k-roːŋ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Vietic: *k-roːŋ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Vietic: *k-roːŋ (Ferlus, 2007) (?)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjm",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Eastern Cham",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Eastern Cham",
            "2": "krăwng (<span class=\"IPA\">/krɔŋ/</span>, “river”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Eastern Cham: krăwng (/krɔŋ/, “river”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Eastern Cham: krăwng (/krɔŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ace",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Acehnese",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Acehnese",
            "2": "kruëng (“river”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Acehnese: kruëng (“river”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Acehnese: kruëng (“river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaw",
            "2": "lwah",
            "t": "river",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Javanese: lwah (“river”)\n> Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loh) (inherited)\n→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬯᬄ (luah)\n→ Indonesian: luah (learned)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Javanese: lwah (“river”)\n> Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loh) (inherited)\n→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬯᬄ (luah)\n→ Indonesian: luah (learned)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "* Proto-Mon-Khmer: *ruŋ ~ *ruuŋ ~ *ruəŋ (Shorto, 2006)",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*ruŋ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
  "lang_code": "mkh-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mon-Khmer/ruŋ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "river, channel"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruŋ-mkh-pro-noun-9l5BzdBW",
      "links": [
        [
          "river",
          "river"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruŋ"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Bahnaric:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bdq",
            "2": "rŭng"
          },
          "expansion": "Bahnar: rŭng",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bahnar: rŭng"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kpm",
            "2": "rung"
          },
          "expansion": "Koho: rung",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Koho: rung"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
            "2": "*ruŋʔ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Vietic: *ruŋʔ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Vietic: *ruŋʔ (Ferlus, 2007)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "rụng"
          },
          "expansion": "Vietnamese: rụng",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vietnamese: rụng"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "* Proto-Mon-Khmer: *ruŋ ~ *ruuŋ ~ *ruəŋ (Shorto, 2006)",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*ruŋ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
  "lang_code": "mkh-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mon-Khmer/ruŋ",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 93",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Mon-Khmer entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fall, to drop off"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruŋ-mkh-pro-verb-wCrI2hgt",
      "links": [
        [
          "fall",
          "fall"
        ],
        [
          "drop off",
          "drop off"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruŋ"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer lemmas",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer nouns",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sit-pro",
            "2": "*kl(j)u(ŋ/k)",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "river, valley"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river, valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kl(j)u(ŋ/k) (“river, valley”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "江",
            "2": "river"
          },
          "expansion": "江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”)",
          "name": "och-l"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "谷",
            "2": "valley"
          },
          "expansion": "谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ, “valley”)",
          "name": "och-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Chinese: 江 (OC *kroːŋ, “river”) and possibly 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ, “valley”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "港",
            "2": "harbour"
          },
          "expansion": "港 (OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs, “harbour”)",
          "name": "och-l"
        }
      ],
      "text": "derivate: 港 (OC *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs, “harbour”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Vietnamese",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Vietnamese",
            "2": "giang (“river”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Vietnamese: giang (“river”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Vietnamese: giang (“river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bo",
            "2": "ལྗོངས",
            "t": "valley"
          },
          "expansion": "Tibetan: ལྗོངས (ljongs, “valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Written Tibetan: ལྗོངས (ljongs, “valley”), ཀླུང་མ (klung ma, “river, stream”), ལུང་པ (lung pa, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "my",
            "2": "ချောင်း",
            "t": "stream, brook, creek"
          },
          "expansion": "Burmese: ချောင်း (hkyaung:, “stream, brook, creek”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Burmese: ချောင်း (hkyaung:, “stream, brook, creek”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tvn",
            "2": "ခ္လောင်း",
            "t": "stream, brook, crekk"
          },
          "expansion": "Tavoyan: ခ္လောင်း (“stream, brook, crekk”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Tavoyan: ခ္လောင်း (“stream, brook, crekk”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-ban-pro",
            "2": "*krɔɔŋ",
            "alt": "*k-rɔɔŋ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Bahnaric: *k-rɔɔŋ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Bahnaric: *k-rɔɔŋ (\"river\") (Sidwell, 2011)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Bahnaric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hal",
            "2": "kroang",
            "t": "river",
            "tr": "/krɔaŋ/"
          },
          "expansion": "Halang: kroang (/krɔaŋ/, “river”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Halang: kroang (/krɔaŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Central Bahnaric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bdq",
            "2": "klŏng",
            "t": "deep water in river or sea",
            "tr": "/klɔŋ/"
          },
          "expansion": "Bahnar: klŏng (/klɔŋ/, “deep water in river or sea”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bahnar: klŏng (/klɔŋ/, “deep water in river or sea”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Bahnaric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sre-Mnong"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sre: klong (/kloŋ/, “water-hole”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Mnong: krông (/kroːŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-kat-pro",
            "2": "*rɔɔŋ",
            "t": "river, stream"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Katuic: *rɔɔŋ (“river, stream”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Katuic: *rɔɔŋ (“river, stream”) (Sidwell, 2005)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ktv",
            "2": "k'ruung"
          },
          "expansion": "Eastern Katu: k'ruung",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Eastern Katu: k'ruung"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pac",
            "2": "cruông",
            "t": "river valley",
            "tr": "/kruəŋ/"
          },
          "expansion": "Pacoh: cruông (/kruəŋ/, “river valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pacoh: cruông (/kruəŋ/, “river valley”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Khmeric"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "okz",
            "2": "*gloṅ",
            "3": "*ghloṅ",
            "gloss2": "passage, way; waterway"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Khmer: *gloṅ, *ghloṅ (“passage, way; waterway”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Khmer: *gloṅ, *ghloṅ (“passage, way; waterway”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "th",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Thai",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Thai",
            "2": "คลอง (klɔɔng, “passage”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Thai: คลอง (klɔɔng, “passage”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Thai: คลอง (klɔɔng, “passage”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Monic: *krooŋ (\"river, stream, creek\") (Diffloth, 1984)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mnw",
            "2": "ကြုၚ်",
            "t": "river",
            "tr": "krɜŋ"
          },
          "expansion": "Mon: ကြုၚ် (krɜŋ, “river”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Mon: ကြုၚ် (krɜŋ, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-pal-pro",
            "2": "*rɔŋ",
            "t": "river valley"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Palaungic: *rɔŋ (“river valley”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Palaungic: *rɔŋ (“river valley”) (Sidwell, 2010)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Waic: *klɔŋ (Diffloth, 1980)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Wa: klawng (/klɔŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Pearic"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Chong: /kʰrɑːŋ/"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
            "2": "*kroːŋ",
            "alt": "*k-roːŋ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Vietic: *k-roːŋ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Vietic: *k-roːŋ (Ferlus, 2007) (?)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cjm",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Eastern Cham",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Eastern Cham",
            "2": "krăwng (<span class=\"IPA\">/krɔŋ/</span>, “river”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Eastern Cham: krăwng (/krɔŋ/, “river”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Eastern Cham: krăwng (/krɔŋ/, “river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ace",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Acehnese",
          "name": "cog"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Acehnese",
            "2": "kruëng (“river”)"
          },
          "expansion": "→Acehnese: kruëng (“river”)",
          "name": "sit-loan"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→Acehnese: kruëng (“river”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kaw",
            "2": "lwah",
            "t": "river",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Javanese: lwah (“river”)\n> Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loh) (inherited)\n→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬯᬄ (luah)\n→ Indonesian: luah (learned)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Javanese: lwah (“river”)\n> Javanese: ꦭꦺꦴꦃ (loh) (inherited)\n→ Balinese: ᬮᬸᬯᬄ (luah)\n→ Indonesian: luah (learned)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_text": "* Proto-Mon-Khmer: *ruŋ ~ *ruuŋ ~ *ruəŋ (Shorto, 2006)",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*ruŋ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
  "lang_code": "mkh-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mon-Khmer/ruŋ",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "river, channel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "river",
          "river"
        ],
        [
          "channel",
          "channel"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruŋ"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer lemmas",
    "Proto-Mon-Khmer verbs"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Bahnaric:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bdq",
            "2": "rŭng"
          },
          "expansion": "Bahnar: rŭng",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bahnar: rŭng"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kpm",
            "2": "rung"
          },
          "expansion": "Koho: rung",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Koho: rung"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
            "2": "*ruŋʔ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Vietic: *ruŋʔ",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Vietic: *ruŋʔ (Ferlus, 2007)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vi",
            "2": "rụng"
          },
          "expansion": "Vietnamese: rụng",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Vietnamese: rụng"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_text": "* Proto-Mon-Khmer: *ruŋ ~ *ruuŋ ~ *ruəŋ (Shorto, 2006)",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-pro",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "*ruŋ",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Mon-Khmer",
  "lang_code": "mkh-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Mon-Khmer/ruŋ",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to fall, to drop off"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fall",
          "fall"
        ],
        [
          "drop off",
          "drop off"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruŋ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ruŋ meaning in All languages combined (8.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.